Accounting for Manpower Companies in UAE (2026) | Paci
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Accounting for Labour-Intensive Businesses in UAE: Payroll, Gratuity and Contract Profitability

For cleaning, facility management and manpower supply owners: how to reconcile WPS payroll, accrue gratuity, spread visa and insurance costs, and see which contracts actually make money before the Corporate Tax return is due.

RK
Ravi Krishnan, CPA CMA
Tax Compliance Lead · Paci Finance
Updated 16 min read Checked against FTA sources
Accounting for Labour-Intensive Businesses in UAE: Payroll, Gratuity and Contract Profitability
Quick answer

A UAE manpower, cleaning or facility company must register for Corporate Tax, keep its books for 7 years and file 9 months after year end (30 September 2026 for December 2025 year ends). Because wages are most of the cost, the books need a WPS payroll reconciliation, a monthly gratuity accrual, visa costs spread over their benefit period and a margin per contract. Records not kept can cost AED 10,000.

This applies to you if
  • You supply cleaners, security guards, technicians or general labour to clients in the UAE
  • Wages, visas, medical insurance and accommodation are most of your costs
  • Clients pay monthly invoices on 60, 90 or more days
  • You run several contracts and want to know which ones lose money
Corporate Tax returns for December 2025 year ends are due by 30 September 2026.

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30 Sep 2026
Corporate Tax return due for December 2025 year ends
21 days
Gratuity per year of service in years 1 to 5 (basic wage)
AED 10,000
First penalty for Corporate Tax records not kept
9%
Corporate Tax on taxable income above AED 375,000

Which tax and accounting obligations apply to manpower and cleaning companies?

A manpower, cleaning or facility management company licensed in the UAE registers for Corporate Tax regardless of turnover, and most pass the AED 375,000 VAT threshold within their first contracts. The table shows what to test as of September 2026.

ObligationTriggerPractical effect for a labour-heavy business
Corporate Tax registrationEvery UAE companyRegister even while the first contract is being mobilised
Corporate Tax at 9%Taxable income above AED 375,000Gratuity and visa entries change taxable profit
Small Business ReliefRevenue up to AED 3M, periods ending by 31 Dec 2029Rarely available once several contracts run, but still register and file
Individual owner trading without a companyBusiness turnover above AED 1M in a calendar yearRegister for Corporate Tax by 31 March of the next year
VAT registrationTaxable supplies above AED 375,000 (voluntary from AED 187,500)Labour and cleaning services are charged VAT at 5%
Audited statements for Corporate TaxRevenue above AED 50M or a Qualifying Free Zone PersonLarge facility groups need an annual audit
E-invoicingUnder AED 50M: service provider by 31 Mar 2027Monthly client invoices will flow through the new system

Edge cases: a free zone manpower company placing staff with mainland clients (income from mainland customers is generally non-qualifying for the free zone 0% rate), a company that pays workers partly outside WPS, and a group where the visa-holding company and the invoicing company are different licences. The Corporate Tax guide for manpower and recruitment agencies covers the return itself.

How should a labour-intensive business reconcile WPS payroll and accrue gratuity?

Reconcile three numbers every month: the payroll register, the WPS salary file sent through your bank or exchange house, and the salary expense in the ledger. Then accrue gratuity and leave so the balance sheet shows what you already owe every worker.

WPS payroll reconciliation

Since 1 June 2026, under Ministerial Resolution 340 of 2026, wages are due through WPS by the 1st of the following month, and a company counts as compliant only when at least 85% of its workers are paid on time. Paying late or outside WPS costs AED 1,000 per worker, capped at AED 20,000, so treat the WPS file as a control, not just a payment. Our payroll accounting guide shows the journal entries.

CheckCompareWhat a difference usually means
HeadcountPayroll register vs WPS file vs visa listAbsconded, cancelled or new workers not updated
Gross payPayroll register vs ledger salary expenseOvertime or deductions posted late
Net paidWPS file vs bank debitReturned salaries or failed cards
OvertimeTimesheets vs client billingHours paid to workers but never billed
DeductionsAdvances and fines vs employee loan ledgerRecoveries not matched to advances

Gratuity and leave provisions

Gratuity for limited-term contracts builds at 21 days of basic wage for each of the first 5 years and 30 days for each later year, capped at 2 years’ total wage. Accrue it every month for every worker, add unused annual leave, and release the provision when final settlements are paid. See our gratuity calculation guide for the formula by service length.

How do you spread visa costs and measure profit per contract?

Visa, Emirates ID, medical test and insurance costs for a worker benefit the company for the period they cover, so record them as a prepayment and release them monthly rather than expensing them the day you pay. Then charge each worker’s monthly cost to the contract he or she works on.

Visa and insurance cost amortisation

Set up a prepaid employment costs account with a line per worker and a release period matching the visa or policy term. When a worker leaves early, write off the unreleased balance in that month. Recharges to clients go to income or a recoverable balance, depending on the contract. Our accruals and prepayments guide covers the mechanics.

Contract-level margin

Give every client contract a cost centre and charge it with direct wages, overtime, transport, materials, accommodation and the monthly share of visas and gratuity. The illustrative office tower contract below looks healthy on wages alone but earns a thin margin once every cost is loaded.

Monthly line for one cleaning contractAED
Invoice to client (excluding VAT)85,000
Direct wages and overtime58,000
Cleaning materials and equipment6,000
Transport and accommodation share4,000
Visa and insurance release5,500
Gratuity and leave accrual3,200
Contract margin8,300

Receivables from slow-paying clients

Facility clients often pay on long terms while your payroll leaves every month. Age receivables by client and contract, chase anything past terms, and document disputes. Output VAT on an invoice generally belongs in the return for the period you issued it, even if the client has not paid, so slow payers cost you cash twice. Our receivables guide sets out a collection routine.

What is the monthly close for a cleaning or manpower company?

The close runs from timesheets to contract margins within 10 working days, and the same figures build the quarterly VAT 201 and the annual Corporate Tax return.

How to close a manpower company's books each month
1

Lock timesheets and bill every contract

Agree hours, overtime and absences with site supervisors, then raise client tax invoices within 14 days of the service with VAT at 5%.

2

Reconcile payroll to the WPS file

Match headcount, gross pay and net transfers between the payroll register, the WPS file and the bank, and investigate every mismatch.

3

Post gratuity, leave and visa releases

Update the gratuity and leave provisions for joiners and leavers, and release the month’s share of prepaid visa and insurance costs.

4

Allocate costs to contracts

Charge wages, materials, transport, accommodation and releases to each contract cost centre.

5

Reconcile bank and age receivables

Match client receipts to invoices, chase overdue balances and record agreed credit notes.

6

Review VAT

Tie output VAT to invoices issued and input VAT to supplier invoices for materials, vehicles and accommodation. At quarter end these totals go into the VAT 201 on EmaraTax.

7

Report contract margins

Rank contracts by margin after all loaded costs. At year end the provisions and prepayments carry straight into the financial statements behind the Corporate Tax return.

What records must a manpower or facility company keep?

Keep the evidence behind every wage, visa and invoice for at least 7 years for Corporate Tax, and be able to produce Arabic translations if the FTA requests them.

  • Signed client contracts, rate cards and variation letters
  • Approved timesheets and site attendance records
  • Client tax invoices and credit notes
  • Payroll registers and WPS salary files with bank confirmations
  • Employment contracts, offer letters and final settlement statements
  • Gratuity and leave provision schedules by worker
  • Visa, Emirates ID, medical and insurance invoices with the prepaid schedule
  • Accommodation leases and transport contracts
  • Supplier invoices for materials and equipment
  • VAT 201 returns, Corporate Tax return and working papers

Which payroll and tax deadlines should a manpower company diarise?

The payroll deadline comes every month and the tax deadlines every quarter and year; for a December year end the next Corporate Tax return is due on 30 September 2026.

Need the return handled as well? Have your Corporate Tax return prepared and reviewed by the same team that keeps the books.

WhenWhatWho
By the 1st of each monthPrevious month’s wages paid through WPSEvery mainland employer under MoHRE
Within 10 working days of month endPayroll reconciliation, provisions and contract marginsInternal target
30 September 2026Corporate Tax return and payment for the year ended 31 December 2025Companies with December year ends
28 October 2026VAT 201 for a quarter ending 30 September 2026VAT-registered companies on that quarter
31 March 2027Appoint an e-invoicing Accredited Service ProviderBusinesses under AED 50M revenue
1 July 2027E-invoicing go-liveBusinesses under AED 50M revenue

What penalties hit a manpower company with weak books?

Missing records cost AED 10,000 under Corporate Tax for a first violation and AED 20,000 for a repeat, and the returns that cannot be filed on time bring separate penalties. The table lists the tax penalties in force in September 2026.

BreachAmountLegal basis
Corporate Tax records not maintainedAED 10,000, repeat AED 20,000Cabinet Decision 75/2023 as amended
VAT records not maintainedAED 10,000 for a first violationCabinet Decision 129/2025
Arabic translation not provided when askedAED 5,000Cabinet Decision 129/2025
Client tax invoice or credit note not issuedAED 2,500 per caseCabinet Decision 129/2025
Late VAT 201AED 1,000, repeat within 24 months AED 2,000Cabinet Decision 129/2025
Incorrect VAT 201AED 500, repeat AED 2,000Cabinet Decision 129/2025
Late Corporate Tax returnAED 500 a month for 12 months, then AED 1,000 a monthCabinet Decision 75/2023 as amended
Late payment of VAT or Corporate Tax14% a year, calculated monthlyCabinet Decisions 129/2025 and 75/2023

How it stacks: a cleaning company whose payroll was never reconciled files its 2025 Corporate Tax return 5 months late with AED 26,010 of tax outstanding. Late filing adds AED 2,500 (AED 500 x 5) and late payment adds about AED 1,517 (AED 26,010 x 14% / 12 x 5), before any AED 10,000 for missing records.

Gratuity and visa costs missing from your books?

We check your payroll reconciliation, provisions and contract costs before the Corporate Tax return on 30 September 2026.

7 accounting mistakes cleaning and manpower companies make

Each mistake below either misstates profit, breaks the payroll trail or delays a return.

  • Gratuity never accrued. Profit is overstated every year until a wave of final settlements hits, and the financial statements behind the Corporate Tax return are wrong.
  • Visa costs expensed at once. A hiring month shows a large loss and later months look better than they are, so contract pricing decisions are made on bad numbers.
  • Payroll posted from the bank, not the register. Deductions, advances and unpaid wages disappear from the ledger.
  • Overtime paid but not billed. The margin leak never shows because costs are not tracked by contract.
  • Invoices raised late to match client payment cycles. A tax invoice is due within 14 days of supply, and not issuing one costs AED 2,500 per case.
  • Cash wages outside WPS. The payment is hard to evidence as a business expense and breaks WPS compliance.
  • Owner’s personal account used for client receipts. The company’s revenue can no longer be proved from its own records.

What routine prevents payroll and tax penalties in a labour-heavy business?

Tie the payroll calendar and the tax calendar into one monthly routine. The UAE bookkeeping guide explains the underlying record standards.

  • Run all wages and client receipts through the company’s own business bank account
  • Monthly: pay wages through WPS by the 1st and reconcile the file to the ledger
  • Monthly: bank reconciliation and client receivables ageing
  • Monthly: close within 10 working days with gratuity, leave and visa releases posted
  • Monthly: contract margin report with every loaded cost
  • Quarterly: accountant review of VAT on client invoices before filing
  • Annually: agree gratuity provision to contracts and service dates for every worker
  • Always: keep records 7 years and be ready to translate them into Arabic

Payroll books in a mess or an FTA notice on the desk?

Rebuild the ledger from bank statements, WPS files, client invoices and visa receipts, set the opening gratuity provision from each worker’s start date, and then file the overdue VAT and Corporate Tax returns. Our catch-up bookkeeping guide explains the order, and the missed Corporate Tax deadline guide covers the first week after a missed return.

  • Fix under-declared VAT on past client invoices with a voluntary disclosure (1% a month before an audit notice)
  • Expect 15% plus 1% a month if the disclosure comes after an audit notice
  • File a reconsideration request within 40 business days if a penalty decision looks wrong
  • Take an unresolved decision to the Tax Disputes Resolution Committee

The reconsideration request guide lists what evidence to attach. Outcomes are the FTA’s decision, but reconciled payroll and invoice records give a request substance.

FTA notice or late return for your manpower company?

Send it to us and we will tell you what to file first and what records to rebuild.

Worked example: a cleaning company that never booked gratuity

Take an illustrative Dubai cleaning company with 2025 revenue of AED 7,200,000, 120 cleaners on a basic wage of AED 1,500 a month and 12 months of unreconciled books. Using a 30-day month, one year’s gratuity per cleaner is AED 1,050 (AED 1,500 / 30 x 21). It also paid AED 180,000 on 1 January 2025 for 30 new hires’ visas and insurance, assumed here to cover 2 years.

Illustrative figures. AED 29,250 is 9% x AED 325,000; AED 26,010 is 9% x AED 289,000.
LineBooks as keptCorrected books
Profit before adjustmentsAED 700,000AED 700,000
Gratuity accrual (120 x AED 1,050)Not bookedMinus AED 126,000
Visa and insurance cost deferred to 2026Not deferredPlus AED 90,000
ProfitAED 700,000AED 664,000
Corporate Tax: 9% above AED 375,000AED 29,250AED 26,010
Exposure: Corporate Tax records not keptAED 10,000Avoided
Exposure: return filed 5 months lateAED 2,500Avoided

A catch-up of 12 months of payroll, WPS and visa records is a one-off project sized by headcount. Kept monthly, Paci’s bookkeeping starts from AED 599 a month (AED 7,188 a year), and the quote for a payroll-heavy company is fixed after a review rather than billed by the hour.

In-house accountant, freelancer or firm for a manpower company?

An in-house accountant suits companies with several hundred workers, a freelancer can handle one or two contracts, and a firm suits growing contractors that need payroll, provisions and VAT handled together with review.

OptionCostYour timeRiskSuits
Owner or HR officer keeps the booksStaff timeHigh at every payroll runGratuity and visa entries skippedVery small crews with one client
Freelance accountantTypical market range: varies with headcountMediumPayroll and tax deadlines depend on one personTwo or three stable contracts
Accounting firm (Paci)From AED 599 a month, fixed quote within 24 hoursLowQualified accountant reviews each quarterGrowing cleaning, security and manpower companies

Read what to check before outsourcing bookkeeping and the most common bookkeeping errors, then see our accounting and bookkeeping service.

What manpower and cleaning company owners ask us

When comparing company setup quotes, which accounting and tax costs belong in a 24-month budget?

Include Corporate Tax registration and one return per year, VAT registration and quarterly returns once taxable supplies pass AED 375,000, monthly bookkeeping and payroll, and an e-invoicing Accredited Service Provider by 31 March 2027 for businesses under AED 50M. Skipping registration costs AED 10,000 for Corporate Tax, waived if the first return is filed within 7 months of the first period end.

We only have a handful of transactions a month. What should an accountant's fee include?

The Corporate Tax registration and annual return, VAT returns by the 28th after each quarter if registered, payroll postings and gratuity accruals, and records kept for 7 years. If the company pays the owner or relatives, the arm’s length review and the transfer pricing disclosure with the Corporate Tax return should be in scope too. See bookkeeping prices in the UAE.

My first cleaning contract is in my own name but I am opening a free zone company. Can the company's income go through my personal account?

Avoid it. Mixing personal and company money makes the company’s revenue and costs hard to prove, and records not kept cost AED 10,000 under Corporate Tax. Move the contract to the company and pay yourself from the company at an arm’s length rate that is disclosed with the return.

Can we charge clients for visa costs, and how do we record the recharge?

If your contract allows it, invoice the recharge with VAT treatment agreed by your accountant and record it against the prepaid visa balance or as income, consistently. Our VAT guide for manpower agencies covers visa recharges and disbursements.

Is a gratuity provision really needed if workers rarely stay 5 years?

Yes. Gratuity starts once a worker completes a year of continuous service, so short tenures still create a liability. Accruing monthly spreads the cost across the contracts that used the worker.

Frequently asked questions

How is accounting for a manpower company different from other businesses?+

Wages are most of the cost, so the ledger must reconcile to the WPS file every month, carry gratuity and leave provisions for every worker, spread visa and insurance costs, and allocate all of it to client contracts. Most other service businesses can close without that level of payroll detail.

Do cleaning companies in Dubai charge VAT?+

A VAT-registered cleaning company charges 5% on its services, including services performed in designated zones, because services there are always taxable. Registration is mandatory above AED 375,000 of taxable supplies. Our VAT guide for cleaning and facility management companies covers contract billing.

Is gratuity a cost for Corporate Tax purposes?+

Gratuity accrued under accounting standards is an expense in the financial statements that Corporate Tax starts from, so the accrual reduces reported profit. Your accountant confirms any tax adjustments when preparing the return; the key is that the provision is calculated per worker and documented.

How do facility management companies track profitability?+

Give each contract a cost centre, charge it with wages, overtime, materials, transport, accommodation, visa releases and gratuity, and compare the total to monthly billing. Review the ranking every month so loss-making sites are repriced or exited.

Do manpower companies need audited accounts in the UAE?+

Corporate Tax requires audited statements for revenue above AED 50 million or a Qualifying Free Zone Person under Ministerial Decision No. 84 of 2025. Your licensing authority, bank or clients may ask for audited statements below that level, so confirm their rules.

How does a cleaning company file Corporate Tax?+

Prepare year end financial statements with provisions and prepayments, adjust for tax, and file the return on EmaraTax within 9 months of year end. The Corporate Tax guide for cleaning companies walks through the filing, and our industry bookkeeping guides cover related sectors.

Consult Paci for free

Get your manpower company's books reviewed for free

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RK

Ravi Krishnan, CPA CMA

Tax Compliance Lead · Paci Finance

Ravi is a dual-qualified CPA and Certified Management Accountant with 12 years in UAE finance leadership roles before joining Paci. His background spans CT return preparation, deferred tax accounting under IFRS, and capital allowance reviews for manufacturing and distribution clients.

Official sources

Checked against these sources on 15 September 2026. This guide is general information for UAE businesses, not advice on your specific facts.

Browse more: UAE Bookkeeping and Accounting Guides by Industry

Payroll, provisions and contract margins in one close

Monthly bookkeeping for cleaning, facility and manpower companies across the UAE.